海洋科学进展
泰国海域儒艮发声分类及特征
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Q62

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国家自然科学基金项目———南极普里兹湾和麦克默多湾虎鲸声信号特征研究(41906170)


Classification and Characteristics of Dugong's Vocalization Recorded in Thai Waters
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    摘要:

    声音在儒艮的生命活动中起着重要的作用。为了研究儒艮发声的类型和特征,2019年3月20日至28日,在泰国立邦岛附近海域(99°25'E,7°13'N)对儒艮进行了被动声学监测。本文对泰国海域儒艮发声信号进行了细致分类,并统计了每种类型声信号的特征。将在立邦岛海域获取的野生儒艮发声信号划分为4种类型:chirp、trill、bark和 whistle。统计每种类型中高信噪比、轮廓清晰且无重叠的信号特征,结果表明:chirp为简单的窄带调频信号,持续时间大约为0.09s,基频介于0.99~12.84kHz,谐波数量为1~5;trill为调频信号,持续时间较长,一般大于0.90s,基频介于0.97~9.89kHz,有1~5次谐波;bark持续时间约0.20s,带宽范围为0.20~4.00kHz,whistle被定义为chirp和trill之间的一种过渡信号,其持续时间为0.05~0.89s,基频为1.11~7.69kHz,有1~5次谐波。这4种类型声信号所占比例各不相同,其中chirp信号占最高(比超过86%),trill和 whistle信号占比较低(分别约为7%和6%),bark信号占比最小(不到1%)。研究儒艮声信号类型和特征有利于分析儒艮的声行为,对野生儒艮的声学监测具有重要指导意义。

    Abstract:

    Sound plays an important role in dugong s life activities. In order to study the vocal types and characteristics of dugongs,underwater vocalizations of dugongs in waters near Libong Island, Thailand, were recorded from March 20 to March 28,2019. Acoustic signals of dugongs in Thai waters were classified in detail and the characteristics of each type of acoustic signal were counted in this paper. The acoustic signals of wild dugongs in waters near Libong Island could be divided into four types: chirp, trill, bark, and whistle. We chose signals with a high signal-to-noise ratio, clear contour, and no overlap for each type of acoustic signal of dugongs for feature statistics. Chirps were short, narrow-band frequency modulation signals with a time duration of 0.09 s. The fundamental frequency of chirps was between 0.99-12.84 kHz and the harmonics were 1一5. Trills were frequency modulation signals with a longer duration time generally more than 0.90 s; the fundamental frequency was between 0.97- 9.89 kHz. and there were 1- 5 harmonics. The average time duration of barks was about 0.20 s and the bandwidth ranged from 0.20 to 4.00kHz. Whistles were defined as transitional signals between chirps and trills. The time duration of whistles was between 0.05-0.89 s with 1- 5 harmonics and the fundamental frequency was between 1.11 - 7. 69kHz. The proportions of these four types of acoustic signals were different. Chirps accounted for the most (more than 86%) and barks were the least (less than 1%). The proportions of trills and whistles were about 7% and 6% respectively. The research on the types and characteristics of the acoustic signals of dugongs may be helpful to analyze the acoustic behavior of dugongs, and it will have important guiding significance for acoustic observation of wild dugongs.

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王晓燕,姜 莹,刘宗伟,杨春梅,段德鑫,吕连港.泰国海域儒艮发声分类及特征[J].海洋科学进展,2022,40(2):320-326

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-06-02
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