Therefore, the study of back-arc basin basalts in Mariana Trough is important for understanding the structure and geochemical composition of its mantle source, also for revealing the genesis and evolution of the backarc magma. Here we collected the published geochemical data of basalts from Pacific Mid-Ocean Ridge (277 groups), Indian Mid-Ocean Ridge (159 groups), Mariana Trough (53 groups), Mariana Island Arc (39 groups), and Central-Southern Lau Basin (72 groups), and applied the independent component analysis methods to trace the mantle sources in Mariana back-arc region. We identified three ICs (IC₁, IC₂, IC₃) in the five-dimensional space of Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic ratios, which can account for 99% of the isotopic variance. The correlations between the ICs and the incompatible trace elements ratios were used to examine the origin of these ICs. The results show that IC₁ separates Mariana Trough back-arc basin basalts (BABB) from Pacific Mid-Ocean ridge basalts (MORB) and Mariana Island arc basalts (IAB), and also shows a positive correlation with (La/Sm)_N ratio. IC₂ discriminates BABB and IAB from Mariana region from the other three groups, and correlates positively with Ba/Th ratios as well. IC₃ distinguishes BABB and MORBs clearly, and displays a negative correlation with Th/Nb values. The geochemical signatures of trace element ratios and the statistical properties of these ICs further suggest that IC₁ can be related to enriched components of the Indian-type MORB mantle, IC₂ corresponds to a fluid-rich component from the subducting Pacific slab, and IC₃ may represent melt of recycled subducted sediment. The geographic distribution of these ICs supports that the Indiantype MORB mantle might replace the Pacific-type MORB mantle from the northern Mariana Trough. The back-arc magma from the northern Mariana Trough are affected more by recycled subduction sediment melts, and those from the central and southern back-arc basin are influenced more by aqueous fluids released from the subducting Pacific slab.